Determinar los factores de riesgo y el régimen nutricional en pacientes con síndrome metabólico por resistencia a la insulina
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https://doi.org/10.23857/dc.v10i1.3700Palabras clave:
Resistencia a la insulina, síndrome metabólico, etiopatogenia, insulinemia, glicemiaResumen
El síndrome de resistencia a la insulina, actualmente más conocido como síndrome metabólico (SM), se produce cuando las células de los músculos, grasa e hígado no responden bien a la insulina y no pueden absorber la glucosa de la sangre fácilmente, siendo una condición que puede desencadenar enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes, por lo que se debe realizar una detección precoz y un manejo oportuno. La resistencia a la insulina (RI) es una condición metabólica central en la etiopatogenia del SM y su diagnóstico puede efectuarse con mediciones de insulinemia y glicemia en ayuno o con la prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa con curva de insulinemia. En su mayor parte el control de este problema de salud se logra con cambios en estilo de vida, incluyendo modificaciones en la dieta y en el patrón de actividad física junto con reducción en el peso y grasa corporal, como también así algunas terapias farmacológicas orientadas a mejorar la sensibilidad a la insulina han sido recomendadas en consensos internacionales, cuando fracasan las terapias no farmacológicas.
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